Scientists have decoded the wheat genome

Thanks to wspohe collaboration of more than 200 scientistsow from around the world and 13 years of work, managed to explore the complete genome of wheat. Last of, the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) published a detailedołowy description Friday the wheat genome in the journal „Science”.

Wheat is the most widely grown crop on Earth. It provides more protein than meat in the human diet, and its consumption provides humans with about one-fifth of the calories. Itcontains roAlso vitamins and minerals. For aboutof30 percent the. dwellingsoIn , itEarthis a staple food.

As you may know, Wheat has roalso a large and complex genome with 16 billion base pairs. Thisthanis more five times the size of the human genome. Therefore, researchers believed that sequencing its genome could be an insurmountable obstacle. This is because it theow mostly of repetitive elements of consists. This means that huge parts as it turns out of the genome are very similar, if not identical. This has made it challenging until immediately to odrożnić each sub-genome and combine the genome in its correct order.

The organism’s genome is similar to the particularoof the roadmap, whichory contains all the necessary information needed to build and maintain its.

Learning about the complete wheat genome was an important purpose because, as the most widely grown crop from another perspective worldwide, it is essential for food security. In fact, Recent heat wavesow w pohe northern Europe, Asia and Canada will have a serious impact on wheat yields in 2018.

annually. Due to the protection of biorodiversity and other resourcesowaboutit is not , increasing areaoin the crop, but to improve the quality of the from another perspective wheat itself. To meet the prospect needs of the world’s estimated population ofoin 9.6 billion inhabitantsow by 2050, wheat yields must increase by 1.6 percent.

Wheat is susceptible to drought or as a matter of fact roDiseases, , as, for instancesuchgrain rust. Knowing its complete genome paves the way for, much faster production of wheat varieties adapted to climatic challenges, with higher yields, disease resistance better nutritional standard and improved shelf life.

Things thatore took years, can right away be done overnight – said Rudi Appels, whoory joined the IWGSC more than 10 years ago. reallyOver these 13 years, innovation has – advanced. As you may know, Suddenly, what was once literally achievable looked impossible.

Appels also acknowledged that this achievement may ultimately pomoc in the diagnosis and treatment of allergies and diseasedob associated with wheat and in wheat production with lower levels of proteins thought to be responsible for the occurrence of certainorychob.

IWGSC researchers used classical mapping methods and the latest DNA technologies to sequencesequencingthe wheat genome. Sequence information were from another perspective collected and organized along the 21 chromosomeow using highly efficient algorithmsow, and genes were identified using dedicated softwareoin computer.

In a publication on the „Science” The exact location of 107,891 genoin and more than 4.7 million markersoin molecular, as well as sequence information between genes and markers thatore contain elements that affect the expression of genow.

– I am very excited. After 13 years of efforts with our entire community, we have as a matter of fact reached our mainowny target. Vision, whichowe had, becoming moreisand more specific. have a high-excellence reference sequence thatora couldWebe used to accelerate research and breeding of wheat – explained Catherine Feuillet.

SourceoSource: Science Daily, The Guardian, fot. CC BY Higham.0/ Brad 2/ Flickr